This article is the first in a two-part series on the CMS Physician Voluntary Reporting Program. Part two will appear in the June issue.
How aware are you of impending policies and programs that will shape how you work and get compensated? Changes are on the horizon that will affect physicians in the immediate future, including their relationship with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS).
Your future began to change on Jan. 3, 2006, when CMS activated its Physician Voluntary Reporting Program (PVRP). The program truly is voluntary—physicians are free to decide whether they want to participate. There is no financial reward for participation, but participants receive feedback from CMS that can help them improve clinical care and data accuracy. They also get in on the ground floor of a program that is almost certain to evolve into a mandatory reporting system, and possibly a CMS pay-for-performance program.
The American College of Physicians has stated that, “While physicians are under no obligation to participate in the voluntary program, practices that choose to do so may get a sneak preview of CMS’ future pay-for-performance plans.”
Although SHM has no official position on PVRP, Eric Siegal, MD, chair of SHM’s Public Policy Committee, says that the committee has spent a “fair amount of time” examining the program. The group is interested because, as Dr. Siegal says, “Reporting of quality outcomes is the wave of the future.”
—Eric Siegal, MD
An Overview of the Program
What are physicians volunteering to report to CMS? Participating doctors help capture data on the quality of care they provide to Medicare beneficiaries. They report on any (or any applicable) of 16 evidence-based quality measures, each one comprising two to four Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes called G-codes. (See “16 Clinical Measures,” below, for a list of the quality measures.)
Voluntary reporting is done through the existing administrative system for claims. CMS then analyzes the data and measures the quality of services provided to Medicare patients, providing reporting physicians with confidential information on their performance.
Where Do Hospitalists Fit in?
The bright side for hospitalists is that they should have little problem with the reporting requirements of PVRP. “Hospitalists should be used to being measured, because hospitals have been reporting our adherence to quality measures through the [CMS] Hospital Compare Program,” says Dr. Siegal.
However, it’s obvious that PVRP is not designed for all physicians. “We’ve looked at the metrics, and the majority aren’t applicable to hospitalists,” points out Dr. Siegal. “But some are very relevant to us.” CMS is aware of hospitalists’ position regarding the program. Trent Heywood, deputy chief medical officer, CMS, says, “In this construct, hospitalists are in a unique situation. [They] are kind of in between—the question is whether they’re managing the patient. We’re asking things like how well was diabetes controlled and was the blood pressure controlled.”
Regardless of areas of mismatch, hospitalists can certainly participate in voluntary reporting. “I think that we should embrace the PVRP, even though only a few of the measures in the starter set are directly relevant to hospitalists,” says Dr. Siegal. “This program is the first step in a process that will dramatically change the way we are paid for our work. It will be easier to engage it now, when there are only a few metrics, than later when it’s much more pervasive.”